中文摘要：

随着城市建设的快速发展,基础地形图数据的管理与自动化更新得到国土规划部门的高度重视。基于范围（图幅）的更新方法易于实现、效率高,但因重复更新无变化要素,容易导致历史数据库冗余。而基于要素的更新方法虽然只更新变化要素,但复杂的变化信息检测使其不适用于变化量较大的更新。针对当前更新技术无法自适应选择更新方法的问题,本文提出了基于地图信息变化量的地形图更新方法,即在选取更新方法前计算地图信息量变化率,以此作为更新方法的选取依据。以多组1∶2000的居民地面数据为试验数据,分析验证了本方法能有效地提高数据更新效率。试验发现,当变化率小于20%时采用基于要素的更新方法,大于55%时采用基于范围的更新方法具有更高的更新效率,而处于20%-55%时,两种方法的更新效率没有显著差异。试验结果对地形图更新方案的设计具有重要参考价值。

英文摘要：

With the rapid development of urban construction, the management of vector topographic map data and automatic updating have been attached great importance to the land planning department. On one hand, the region-based updating method is easy to implement and of high efficiency, but it may cause the redundancy of historical database because of repeated updating of non-changing elements. On the other hand, the element-based updating method which is not suitable for large changes in the amount of updates because it merely updates the changed elements and needs complex change detections. In order to solve the problem that the updating method cannot be adaptively selected during the process of updating, a map updating method based on map information variation is proposed. Based on the updating cases of 1 ： 2000 topographic maps of residential areas, we found that the proposed method can effectively improve the data updating efficiency. We can also draw the following three conclusions. （1）When the rate of change is less than 20%, the element-based updating method is adopted. （2）If the rate of change is more than 55%, the region-based updating method can produce higher update efficiency. （3）The update efficiency is not significant when the rate is between 20% and 55%. The experimental results have important reference value for the design of the updating scheme of topographic maps.