中文摘要：

刚体的转动惯量是物理学的重要概念之一,而对于转动惯量的计算也是物理学的难点之一.本文利用刚体转动惯量的定义,首先计算了均质球体的转动惯量,并利用补偿法分析了均质球壳、球面的转动惯量.这有助于学生掌握刚体转动惯量的计算方法,从而激发学生对物理的学习兴趣.

英文摘要：

The rotary inertia of rigid body is one of important physical concepts, and the calculation on rotary inertia is also one of the difficulties of physics. In this paper, the rotary inertia of homogeneous sphere was firstly calculated according to its definition. Moreover, through analysis of the calculation results, the rotary inertia of homogeneous spherical shell and surface was also analysed by compensation principle. It is helpful for students to understand the calculation of rotary inertia,and it can also arouse the students＇ interest in learning physics.