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mTOR and the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells

ISSN号：1672-9145
期刊名称：Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica
时间：2011.7
页码：501-510
分类：Q254[生物学—细胞生物学] S852.2[农业科学—基础兽医学;农业科学—兽医学;农业科学—畜牧兽医]
作者机构：[1]Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China, [2]Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
相关基金：This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （81030012, 30890043, 30971434, 30871194, 30821001 to W.Z., and 30700376, 30971085 to Y.L.）, the Major National Basic Research Program of China （2010CB912504 to W.Z.）, the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University to Y.L., the Beijing Natural Science Foundation （7112080 to Y.L.）.
相关项目：胃内分泌细胞能量感受机制调节机体能量代谢和肥胖发生的作用

关键词：脂肪细胞分化, 间质干细胞, MTOR, 苏氨酸蛋白激酶, 雷帕霉素, 组织细胞, 成骨细胞, 肌肉发生, mTOR, differentiation, mesenchymal stemcells, adipogenesis, myogenesis, osteogenesis

中文摘要：

rapamycin (mTOR ) 的哺乳动物的目标， evolutionarily 保存的 serinethreonine 蛋白质 kinase，属于 phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K ) 联系了 kinase 家庭，它在他们的 C 终端区域以内包含一个类脂化合物象 kinase 一样领域。当一个批评细胞内部的分子能察觉到细胞外的精力地位并且在许多房间和纸巾调整房间生长和增长，最近的研究揭示了那 mTOR。这评论在房间区别和织物开发上关于 mTOR 的效果总结我们的当前的理解，与间充质的干细胞的系决心上的一个重音。mTOR 能在白 adipocytes，棕色的 adipocytes，和肌肉卫星房间支持 adipogenesis，当 rapamycin 禁止 mTOR 的 adipogenic 功能时。发信号的 mTOR 可以工作然而，影响造骨细胞增长和区别 rapamycin 被报导了禁止或支持成骨。尽管精确机制仍然保持不清楚， mTOR 为 myogenesis 是不可缺少的。取决于房间别打， rapamycin 被报导了禁止，支持，或有 myogenesis 上的效果。

英文摘要：

The mammalian target of rapamycin （mTOR）, an evolutionarily conserved serine-threonine protein kinase, belongs to the phosphoinositide 3-kinase （PI3K）-related kinase family, which contains a lipid kinase-like domain within their C-terminal region. Recent studies have revealed that mTOR as a critical intracellular molecule can sense the extracellular energy status and regulate the cell growth and proliferation in a variety of cells and tissues. This review summarizes our current understand- ing about the effects of mTOR on cell differentiation and tissue development, with an emphasis on the lineage determination of mesenchymal stem cells, roTOR can promote adipogenesis in white adipocytes, brown adipocytes, and muscle satellite cells, while rapamycin inhibits the adipogenic function of mTOR. mTOR signaling may function to affect osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, however, rapamycin has been reported to either inhibit or promote osteogenesis. Although the precise mechanism remains unclear, mTOR is indispensable for myogenesis. Depending on the cell type, rapamycin has been reported to inhibit, promote, or have no effect on myogenesis.