中文摘要：

稻田生态系统是一个由土壤-水稻构成的人工生态系统,该系统中的镉（Cd）由于受土壤淹水、频繁农业活动及被水稻富集等影响,在土壤-水稻系统中具有很强的迁移转化特性,对人体健康具有高度危害性。围绕稻田系统中Cd的主要来源、生物和地球化学特性、Cd在稻田系统中的迁移转化特性及其影响因素（如土壤pH、稻田氧化-还原反应、土壤有机质、土壤质地及共存离子等）和稻田Cd污染综合防治措施等进行论述,并从源头控制、过程阻断及末端治理工程管理等层次对稻田Cd污染的综合防治研究进行了展望,以期为我国水稻Cd污染防治提供参考。

英文摘要：

Cadmium（Cd）pollution in rice ecosystem has caused extensive public concerns over human health. This paper provides an overview of the recent studies on Cd sources, biogeochemical processes regulating Cd bioavailability to organisms, and Cd transfer and transformation and their major influencing factors（i.e. soil pH, oxidation-reduction reaction, organic matter content, soil texture and coexisting ions etc）in rice ecosystem worldwide. The risk management of Cd in rice ecosystem, including toxicity thresholds of cadmium-containing pollutant inputs, ways to block Cd transfer in rice food train and remediation of polluted paddy fields etc, was also discussed. This would provide fundamental information for preventing soil cadmium pollution and protecting human health.