中文摘要：

以微孔陶瓷灌水器为研究对象,在0 m工作水头下进行土壤水分运移特性试验,并以10 m额定工作水头下工作的地下滴灌灌水器作为对照。通过对比分析2种灌溉方式下累计入渗量、流量、湿润体特征和土壤含水率变化,结果表明：相同灌溉时间下微孔陶瓷渗灌的累计入渗量、湿润锋运移距离、湿润体截面面积均明显小于地下滴灌。微孔陶瓷渗灌的流量随时间逐渐减小,直至接近于零;试验后期,微孔陶瓷渗灌湿润体内整体土壤含水率变化较小;由于微孔陶瓷渗灌为无压连续灌溉,因此在其工作过程中可为作物提供一个恒定的水分环境。而地下滴灌的流量则会维持稳定,使得土壤含水率一直增大,停止灌溉后由于土壤水分再分布而减小。地下滴灌为被动恒压灌溉,因此其灌溉条件下作物生长的水分环境处于干湿交替的循环变化状态。

英文摘要：

Aiming to have insights into characteristics of soil moisture transfer of porous ceramic infiltration irrigation,soil moisture transfer experiment was conducted by using porous ceramic emitter,of which the working head was 0 m,meanwhile,subsurface drip irrigation tape with working head of 10 m was used to carry out a control test.The comparisons of cumulative infiltration,emitter discharge,wetting soil characteristic and change of soil water content of two different irrigation methods were made.The results indicated that when the irrigation time was the same,the cumulative infiltration,wetting front and wetting zone sectional area of porous ceramic infiltration irrigation were less than those of subsurface drip irrigation.The discharge of porous ceramic infiltration irrigation was decreased gradually with the increase of time,which was closed to 0 L/h at last,in contrast,the discharge of subsurface drip irrigation was relatively stable.In the late experimental period,soil water contents in the wetting zone of porous ceramic infiltration irrigation were changed slightly.While water contents of subsurface irrigation were increased continuously,and then they got decreased after stopping irrigation because of soil water redistribution.Because porous ceramic infiltration irrigation was a continuous irrigation method,thus it could provide a constant soil moisture environment for crops.But subsurface drip irrigation was a passive and intermittent irrigation method,and soil moisture environment for crops was alternate drying-wetting.The present study provided valuable information for the popularization and application of porous ceramic infiltration irrigation.