中文摘要：

目的：探讨鹅流感病毒唾液酸（SA）受体分布特点、病毒吸附模式及其作用。方法：凝集素组织化学法检测鹅呼吸道和消化道流感病毒SA受体的分布,荧光素Alexa488标记禽流感病毒H9N1和人流感病毒H1N1吸附鹅呼吸道和消化道组织。结果：鹅呼吸道和消化道以表达SAα-2,3半乳糖（Gal）受体为主,SAα-2,3Gal受体在鹅呼吸道气管、支气管、次级支气管和副支气管、消化道结肠以及泄殖腔呈阳性表达,而SAα-2,6Gal受体缺乏或仅弱表达。禽流感病毒H9N1吸附鹅呼吸道气管、支气管、次级支气管和副支气管、消化道结肠以及泄殖腔,但人流感病毒H1N1仅少量病毒吸附副支气管、结肠以及泄殖腔。结论：鹅呼吸道和消化道同时表达SAα-2,3Gal受体,有助于禽流感病毒复制部位由消化道扩展到呼吸道以及各亚型禽流感病毒之间的基因重配,提示鹅在禽流感病毒的起源和进化中可能起重要作用。

英文摘要：

Objective：To study the distribution characteristics of geese influenza viruses sialic acid（SA）α2,3-Gal（avian type）andα2,6-Gal（human type）receptors,pattern of viral attachment,and their impacts on the origin and evolution of avian influenza viruses.Methods：In geese,the distribution of sialic acids receptor was investigated using lectin histochemical staining and pattern of viral attachment（PVA）by Alexa488 labelled H9N1avian influenza viruses and H1N1 human influenza viruses.Results：SAα2,3-Gal receptor was prevalent expressed in the trachea,bronchus and second bronchus,parabronchus,colon and cloaca of geese,but SAα2,6-Gal receptor was absent or poorly expressed.Furthermore,Alexa 488 labelled avian influenza H9N1 virus could attach to epithelial cells in respiratory tract and alimentary tract,but only a small amount of human influenza H1N1 virus attach to parabronchus,colon and cloaca of geese.Conclusion：These results indicated that geese predominantly expressed SAα2,3-Gal receptors in both respiratory tract and alimentary tract,resulting in extending the replication sites of avian influenza virus from the digestive tract to the respiratory tract and providing environment for gene reassortment among different types of avian influenza viruses.It might play an important role in the origin and evolution of avian influenza viruses.