中文摘要：

目的 明确创伤对患者血清钾离子浓度的影响并分析其影响因素.方法 回顾性分析收治我院急诊抢救室及急诊留观的创伤患者411例,分析创伤患者血钾浓度的分布规律,利用Logistic回归分析创伤患者的年龄、性别、受伤部位、GCS评分和ISS评分、受伤至入院后首次抽血的时间、血糖浓度、血钠浓度、pH值、D-二聚体浓度、骨折及饮酒对血钾浓度的影响.结果 单因素分析结果显示,影响创伤患者发生低钾的主要因素包括患者的受伤部位（单纯颅脑损伤及单纯非颅脑损伤）、入院时GCS评分和ISS评分、受伤至入院后首次抽血的时间及入院时血糖、血钠、D-二聚体浓度（P〈0.05）.多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,受伤至入院后首次抽血的时间和入院时D-二聚体浓度是创伤患者发生低钾的独立影响因素（P〈0.05）.结论 临床上对早期入院的创伤患者及入院后查D-二聚体浓度较高的患者要及时关注其血钾情况,并进行及早处理,防止严重并发症的出现.

英文摘要：

Objective To evaluate the impact of trauma on serum potassium concentration and the risk factors. Methods In a retrospective analysis of 411 trauma patients admitted to emergency department of our hospital, we analyzed the distribution of serum potassium concentration of trauma patients and conducted Logistic regression analysis of trauma patients by correlative factors of age, sex, injury location, GCS score and Injury Severity Score, the time from the injury to the first hemospasia, blood glucose concentration, sodium concentration, pH value, the concentration of D- dimer, fractures and alcohol. Results The univariate analysis results showed that the major risk factors of trauma patients for the hypokalemia included the injured parts of the patients （ traumatic brain injury alone and simple non -traumatic brain injury）, admission GCS score and Injury Severity Score, the time from the injury to the first hemospasia, the concentration of blood glucose, sodium concentration and D - dimer （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Logistic regression analysis showed that the time from the injury to the first hemospasia and the concentration of D - dimer were independent correlative factors for trauma patients with hypokalemia （P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion In clinical work, we need to pay attention to the concentration of potassium of trauma patients who are admitted to the hospital early or have higher D - dimer, and then we carry out early treatment to prevent serious complications.