中文摘要：

本文使用中国老年人口健康长寿影响因素跟踪调查中2008年的数据,将被访老人父亲的受教育年限与其配偶的受教育年限作为其自身受教育年限的工具变量,分别在线性模型和二元选择模型下,估计了老年人受教育水平对其健康状况的影响。健康状况使用了自评健康和MMSE二种不同的衡量指标。研究发现仅控制人口因素时,受教育水平对男性老年人自评健康有5%水平显著的正向影响,受教育水平每增加一年,老年男性自评健康差的概率降低0.006,而且这种影响主要是通过社会经济因素进行的,在控制社会经济因素后,这种效应消失;在控制了社会经济因素后,受教育水平对女性老年人自评健康有负向影响。受教育水平对老年人的认知能力有1%显著性水平下的正向影响,而且对女性的影响大于男性。仅控制人口因素时,受教育年限每增加一年,男性老人认知能力受损的概率降低0.014,而女性老人认知能力受损的概率则降低0.030。是否控制生活习惯对这种影响的规模几乎没有作用,但是控制社会经济因素会增大这种影响,其中女性群体的增幅大于男性。

英文摘要：

Grounded on the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey conducted in 2008, this research analyzes the impacts of education level on the health for the Chinese elderly population, and the instruments applied here include the instrumental variable method and Binary Choice Model. We use self-report health and MMSE（Mini-Mental State Examination） as the indices to measuring the health condition. We find the education level of the males will promote the self-report health but while controlling the socioeconomic factors, this effect will vanish. For the female elderly, after controlling the socioeconomic factors, the education factor even plays a negative role. For the cognitive abilities of the Chinese elderly, the effect of educaiton level on health is statistically evident and will continue to increase after controlling the socioeconomic factors, with greater increase in female group than in male group.