Aeroheating prediction is a challenging and critical problem for the design and optimization of hypersonic vehicles.One challenge is that the solution of the Navier-Stokes equations strongly depends on the computational mesh.In this letter,the effect of mesh resolution on heat flux prediction is studied.It is found that mesh-independent solutions can be obtained using fine mesh,whose accuracy is confirmed by results from kinetic particle simulation.It is analyzed that mesh-induced numerical error comes m...