中文摘要：

本文用中国省际面板数据研究了我国OFDI逆向技术溢出效应，及人力资本水平所致的绝对吸收能力和国内外技术差距所致的相对吸收能力对其单独影响和综合影响。结果表明，我国OFDI对国内全要素生产率和技术进步有显著的逆向溢出效应，同时对技术效率的提高具有显著的负面作用。并且以上逆向溢出效应受国内人力资本和国内外技术差距的影响：其他因素不变，技术差距变小时逆向溢出效应增大；其他因素不变，人力资本（在门限值以上）提高时逆向溢出效应增大；两者的综合作用是人力资本只在技术差距小时才影响逆向溢出，技术差距大时，其作用几乎不显著。结论表明，只有同时改善人力资本和技术差距，即同时提高绝对吸收能力和相对吸收能力，才能促进OFDI产生更大的逆向溢出效应，特别是对技术效率的逆向溢出。

英文摘要：

This paper studies the effect of reverse technology spillover of OFDI and the impact of technology gap embodying relative absorptive capacity and human capital embodying absolute absorptive capacity on it using inter-provincial panel data of China. Empirical results show that China＇s OFDI has a positive spillo- ver effect on domestic total factor productivity and technological progress though it has a negative effect on technical efficiency. Furthermore, the effect of reverse technology spillover is influenced by domestic hu- man capital and technology gap. Such reverse spillover effect increases when human capital is improved and other factors remain unchanged. It also increases when technological gap is narrowed down and other factors remain unchanged. The combined influence of human capital and technological gap is that human cap- ital has impact only on reverse technology spillover under the condition of smaller technological gap while it does not work under the condition of larger technological gap. It is concluded that improving human capital and narrowing technology gap simultaneously, that is, enhancing both absolute and relative absorptive capacity, can lead to a greater effect of the reverse technology spillover of OFDI.