核工业可持续发展必须解决两大问题:铀资源利用的最优化和核废物的最少化。本文在分析传统铀资源循环的基础上,结合生物技术的优势,总结了微生物浸铀、微生物对铀的吸附富集和回收、微生物对含铀废物减量化方面的进展,提出微生物在铀资源利用、循环及铀污染环境防治中的作用。
Two problems must be solved for the nuclear industry sustainable development: the optimization utilization of uranium resource and the nuclear waste minimization.This paper reviews the traditional methods of uranium resource utility and recycles,focus on uranium bioleaching,the biosorption and recovery of uranium,volume reduction by microorganisms,and propose the application of microorganisms in uranium resource utility,recycle and bioremediation of environmental pollution.