中文摘要：

森林对维持生态系统平衡和物种多样性以及净化环境起着重要作用。然而近年我国第1次全国土壤污染状况调查研究表明,我国林地土壤污染超标率高达10%,其中主要污染物为重金属砷、镉等。但目前针对森林生态系统污染的研究相对较少,特别是针对森林生态系统重金属的来源及其特征的综述性报道更少。文中总结了森林生态系统重金属的主要来源,包括大气沉降、工业活动和交通运输、施肥和污泥林用、矿山开采等;讨论了重金属对森林生态系统所产生的危害。旨在揭示重金属进入林地的途径和污染过程及其危害,为合理保护森林生态提供科学依据,也为林地土壤环境质量管理提供参考。

英文摘要：

Forests play an important role in maintaining ecosystem balance,safeguarding the diversity of species and purifying the environment. However,the first national survey of soil pollution shows that 10% of forest soils were polluted in China and the main pollutants in forest soil were heavy metals including arsenic,cadmium,etc. But there are few studies on the pollution of forest ecosystem,and even less reports on the sources of heavy metals in forest soil as well as their property. The paper summarized the major sources of heavy metals in forest ecosystem,including atmospheric deposition,industrial activities and transportation,fertilization and sludge used in forest,mining,etc. Furthermore,the hazards of heavy metals on forest ecosystems were discussed. The study is aimed at revealing the major sources of heavy metal pollution in forest ecosystem and their damage,and also providing scientific basis for forest ecosystem protection in a reasonable way and some references for environment quality management of forest soil.