中文摘要：

乌梁素海是河套灌区农田退水的主要受纳水体，农田退水中营养物质的流入使湖泊底泥中沉积了大量的营养物质，其中沉积的氮磷是形成湖泊富营养化的关键因素之一，了解底泥中氮磷的含量可为湖泊水体、水草、底泥中氮磷的迁移转化提供基础数据。为此利用地质统计学中的普通克里格法对乌梁素海底泥中氮磷的含量进行空间估值，估值后进行了精度分析，并对实测值和估值进行了误差分析。通过分析可知，地质统计学中的普通克里格法可用于湖泊底泥营养参数的空间估值。

英文摘要：

Wuliangsuhai, the greatest lake of the yellow river in Inner Mongolia segment, is the main water body containment of HeTao irrigation area and abundant aquatic plants grows in Wuliangsuhai. Drafting nitrogen and phosphorus in the cropland discharge, subside and contribute the nutrient in the sediment of the lake, and is one of the critical factors of lake eutrophication. The movement and transformation of nitrogen and phosphrus in the sediment could be determined by measuring the content of nitrogen and phosphrus. The spatial variation, including its randomness, structural and stability, of nitrogen and phosphrus content in the sediment in Wuliangsuhai was analyzed for samples in September and November, 2003. The content of nitrogen and phosphorus in the sediment in different times and different spatial locations was estimated by Kriging, the central method of geostatistics, a branch of applied statistics that deals with spatially distributed properties, and the estimation precision and error was also analyzed. The simulated consequences was rational and feasible, indicating that Kriging could be used to estimate the values of nitrogen and phosphorus content in Wuliangsuhai, which provided the foundation for controlling lake eutrophication.