中文摘要：

为了保证加工的齿轮质量,必须使用齿轮样板对齿轮测量仪器进行校准和检验,样板的精度及可溯源性至关重要.基于双球样板的理论基础,提出了双球样板的设计方法,给出了双球样板关键参数的设计公式,分析了双球样板的材料、结构及精度,并以该设计双球样板的方法为指导,研制了模数为2.268 1 mm、齿数40、压力角20°的双球样板,球体材料选用氧化锆,基座选用花岗石制作.经实验测试检测球的圆度为0.19μm,定心球的圆度为0.21μm,测试球心距为42.943 mm,制造的双球样板可以满足校准仪器的要求.

英文摘要：

To ensure the quality of gear processing,the gear artifact must be used to calibrate and evaluate the gear measuring instrument.The accuracy and traceability of the gear artifact is of crucial importance.On the theoretical basis of a double-ball artifact,a design method was proposed.The design formula of key parameters was given.The material,structure,and accuracy of the double-ball artifact were analyzed.A double-ball artifact of which the module equaled 2.268 1 mm,number of teeth equaled 40,and press angle equaled 20° was developed,guided by the method of designing the double-ball artifact.The material of the sphere was zirconia and the base was made of granite.Through experimental tests,the roundness of the detection ball was shown to be 0.19 μm,the roundness of the centering ball 0.21 μm,and the center distance 42.943 mm.The designed double-ball artifact can meet the needs of calibration instruments.