中文摘要：

以三峡库区王家桥小流域林地、耕地和园地为研究对象,结合染色示踪技术,利用图像处理软件技术,通过计算优先流形态特征参数,分析3种土地利用类型下高砾石含量紫色土的优先流形态发育特征。结果表明：砾石平均含量表现为园地〉林地〉耕地,土壤大孔隙平均半径随着深度的增加而减小。林地优先流运动深度可达60cm,剖面染色区域呈现明显的不规则性,耕地染色深度集中在0—15cm土层,染色区域分布均匀,但染色面积小,且存在大量的侧向流,园地染色范围广,优先路径连通性好。染色路径数表现为园地〉林地〉耕地,说明园地优先流发育较活跃,优先路径分化程度较高,染色路径宽度〈20mm的染色路径数量分布特征与染色路径总数分布特征相近,是紫色土壤中流染色路径的主要组成部分,壤中流类型主要为低相互作用大孔隙流。砾石和大孔隙特征共同影响土壤水分运动过程。

英文摘要：

Dye tracing method was used to observe the occurrence of preferential flow under three kinds of land use patterns in Wangjiaqiao watershed in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. Characteristics of preferen- tial flow were obtained by figuring out the feature parameters of preferential flow. The results showed that the average volume content of rock fragment in different land use patterns was determined as follow： Garden land〉forest land〉farmland. The mean radius of soil macropores decreased with increase of soil depth. The maximum preferential flow depth of forest land was up to 60 cm and the dying zone was distinctly irregular. In the farmland, the dying zone mainly distributed in 0-15 cm soil depth and the dying area was smaller than forest land. There existed a large portion of bypassing flow in the farmland. The dying area of garden land occupied a large part of soil profile and the connectivity of preferential pathway was good. The number of staining pathway was determined as follow： Garden land〉forest land〉farmland. It demonstrated the higher preferential flow dyed pattern differentiation degree was observed in the garden land. The staining pathway of subsurface flow in purple soil was largely consisted of 〈20 mm staining pathway width. The type of sub- surface flow was mainly low interaction macropore flow. The process of soil water movement was influenced by both rock fragment and soil macropores.