中文摘要：

目的 观察犀角地黄汤对老年脓毒症患者炎症介质释放和预后的影响.方法 采用前瞻性随机对照研究方法.选择2015年3月至2017年2月南京中医药大学附属常熟中医院老年科收治的脓毒症患者74例,将患者按随机数字表法分为中药治疗组和对照组例,每组37例,中药治疗组2例在试验期间转入其他科室继续治疗,2例自动出院,1例转院;对照组3例转院,1例自动出院,1例入组后7 d内死亡,1例在试验期间转入其他科室继续治疗,最终中药治疗组32例、对照组31例患者完成研究.两组均给予脓毒症常规治疗,中药治疗组在常规治疗基础上给予犀角地黄汤浓缩水煎液100 mL〔犀角（用水牛角代替）30 g、生地黄24 g、芍药12 g、牡丹皮9 g〕口服或鼻饲,对照组给予等量生理盐水,均每日1次,连续治疗1个疗程共7 d后评价其疗效.比较两组患者治疗前及治疗后3、7、14 d血清白细胞介素（IL-1β、IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞计数（WBC）、C-反应蛋白（CRP）、乳酸水平的差异,并观察两组ICU住院率、ICU住院时间及28 d病死率.用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析两组28 d存活率.结果 两组治疗后IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α均呈先升高后降低的趋势.治疗后14 d中药治疗组IL-1β明显低于对照组（ng/L：83.27±21.84比96.73±26.33）,治疗后7 d起中药治疗组IL-6、TNF-α已明显低于对照组〔IL-6（ng/L）：48.27±24.13比62.15±24.34,TNF-α（μg/L）：1.41±0.31比1.96±0.29〕,直到治疗后14 d中药治疗组IL-6、TNF-α仍然低于对照组〔IL-6（ng/L）：29.25±18.57比56.24±23.61,TNF-α（μg/L）：1.35±0.28比1.83±0.22,均P〈0.05）.两组间各时间点WBC、CRP比较差异均无统计学意义（均P〉0.05）.对照组治疗后乳酸均逐渐降低,中药治疗组治疗后呈先降低后升高的趋势,且中药治疗组治疗后3 d起即明显低于治疗组（mmol/L：1.26±0.43比2.01±0.59,均P〈0.05）.中药治疗组ICU住院?

英文摘要：

Objective To observe the effect of Xijiaodihuang decoction on the release of inflammatory mediators and prognosis in elderly patients with sepsis.Methods A prospective randomized controlled study was conducted. Seventy-four patients with sepsis admitted to the Department of Geriatrics of Changshu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM） Affiliated to Nanjing University of TCM from March 2015 to February 2017, and they were divided into a TCM treatment group and a control group randomly, 37 cases in each group, there were 2 patients transferred to other department during the period of study to continue treatment, 2 patients discharged automatically and 1 case transferred to other hospital in the TCM treatment group; and there were 3 patients transferred to other hospital, 1 patient discharged automatically, 1 patient dead in 7 days after entering the control group and 1 patient transferred to other department during the period of observation to continue treatment in the control group. Finally, 32 patients were in TCM treatment group and 31 patients in the control group, completing the study. All patients in the two groups received conventional treatment of sepsis, patients in the TCM treatment group took Xijiaodihuang decoction 100 mL concentrated [rhinoceros horn （replaced with buffalo horn） 30 g, rehmannia root 24 g, peony 12 g, tree peony bark 9 g] taken orally or by nasal feeding, and patients in the control group received the same amount of normal saline, the two groups were treated 1 time a day for consecutive 7 days to complete 1 therapeutic course, then the treatment efficacy was evaluated in the two groups. The differences of serum interleukins （IL-1β, IL-6）, tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）, white blood cells （WBC）, C-reaction protein （CRP）, lactate levels between the two groups were compared before treatment and on the 3rd, 7th and 14th day after treatment, the incidence of staying in intensive care unit （ICU）, time of staying in ICU and 28-day mortality were also obs