中文摘要：

开花植物的花药和花粉发育是一个极其复杂的过程,包含了一系列生物学事件,众多基因参与其中,这些基因控制着花药细胞分裂和分化、小孢子母细胞减数分裂、花粉壁形成、花药开裂释放花粉粒等各个关键步骤,从而调控花药发育的正常进行。本文综述了近年来以拟南芥为主要研究对象进行的有关花药发育分子机制的研究进展,着重介绍小孢子发生起始、成熟花粉粒形成以及花药开裂释放花粉粒等过程的基因调控。

英文摘要：

Pollen and anther development in flowering plants is a complex process which involves a vast array of biological events,and a large number of genes are participated in these events.Genetic studies have demonstrated the function of many of the key genes in regulating anther cell division and differentiation,microsporocyte meiosis,pollen wall formation,and anther dehiscence.This review discusses current advances in our understanding of the genetic regulation of anther morphogenesis,mature pollen formation and anther dehiscence,with much information coming from detailed analyses of male-sterile mutants in Arabidopsis thaliance.