陆面数据同化的研究起源于20世纪末,发展比较迅速。本文从当前发展比较成熟的陆面数据同化系统、同化方法以及陆面数据同化在全球变化研究中的应用三方面做了综述。比较成熟的陆面数据同化系统主要是美国(全球)和欧洲的陆面数据同化系统,加拿大、韩国和我国的数据同化系统最近才有所发展;数据同化方法主要以基于统计估计理论和以基于变分的两大类方法为主流,近年来人工神经网络和粒子滤波技术有所发展;在生态水文学、碳循环和作物估产的应用研究中,陆面数据同化方法已经发挥了重要作用。
Land surface data assimilation has been rapidly developed recently,although it began at the end of the 20th century.This study reviewed the developed land surface data assimilation systems,assimilation methods,and their uses in the studies of global changes.The results show that the land data assimilation systems in North American(NLDAS),Global(GLDAS),and Europe(ELDAS) have been well developed,while the Canadian,Korean,and West China land data assimilation systems is being developed;the main popular methods of land data assimilation are based on statistic theory and variation,and artificial neural networks and particle filtering have also been used recently;and these land data assimilation methods have played the important roles in the studies of ecohydrology,carbon cycling,and crop yield estimation.