中文摘要：

胞外囊泡（extracellular vesicles,EVs）是一类由细胞分泌到胞外的能够被受体细胞摄取的膜性囊泡小体,直径在20~1 000 nm.近年来,越来越多的研究者发现胞外囊泡在疾病诊断、预后评估以及药物递送等方面具有重要的生物学作用.胞外囊泡可以直接参与细胞间信息的传递以及物质的运输,其携带的核酸（m RNA,micro RNA和lnc RNA）和蛋白质可以影响受体细胞的生理状态.大量研究表明,胞外囊泡是被糖基化修饰的,胞外囊泡表面覆盖了大量的聚糖以及糖结合蛋白,而已知聚糖类物质在调控细胞黏附、细胞-细胞之间的信息传递、细胞和细胞外基质相互作用、免疫调节和肿瘤转移等方面发挥重要的作用.本文综述了近年来细胞外囊泡表面糖缀合物修饰的前沿研究,以期更好地理解聚糖在胞外囊泡的合成、释放以及运输过程及其生物学功能中的作用.

英文摘要：

Extracellular vesicles（EVs） are a kind of membrane-bound particles with diameters ranging from 20 to1 000 nm which can be uptaken by recipient cells. More and more research have focused on biological functions of EVs in disease diagnose, prognosis and drug delivery. It has been proved that EVs participate in cell-cell communication and material transfer directly. Nucleic acids（m RNA, micro RNA and lnc RNA）and proteins contained in EVs have significant influences on the behaviors of target cells. The surface of EVs is covered by glycoconjugates such as proteoglycans, glycosphingolipids and glycoproteins. And these glycoconjugates are directly associated with cell-cell adhesion, cell-cell communication, cell-matrix interactions, immune modulation,metastasis formation and others. This review summarizes the recent research progress of glycoconjugates on Evs,and is helpful to extensively understand the effects of glycosylation in the process of EVs＇ biosynthesis, release and transport and EVs＇ biological functions.