中文摘要：

封丘县是典型的黄河中下游冲积平原区，不同层次土壤质地类型、厚度及其在剖面中的组合，是影响土壤水肥贮存与供给能力的重要因素。本研究通过39个土壤剖面和113个土钻样点的野外调查获取第一手资料。根据层次质地类型与其在剖面中出现位置两个基本特征定义特征质地层，存研究区最终确立了9种特征质地层。以特征质地层在已观测土壤剖面和土钻样本中出现缺失特征以及厚度参数为基础数据，应用模糊c-均值算法模型，研究区观测土壤被自动划分为9种特征质地层组合类别，亦称为土壤剖面质地构型。结合普通克里格空间预测方法，实现了9种土壤剖面质地构型在空间上分布的单一类别隶属度图和去模糊化图。剖面不同质地层次在垂直方向的组合特征以及不同土壤剖面质地构型在水平方向上的分布规律，为区域耕地质量评价、生产潜力评估以及改良、利用实践提供了更加客观、丰富的基础信息。

英文摘要：

Fengqiu County is a typical alluvial plain that spreads in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. Soil layers different in order, texture type and thickness and their combination in the soil profile are important factors affecting soil water and fertilizer storage and supply capacity. Through field survey of 39 soil profiles and 113 soil drilling points, first hand data were obtained for the study. Based on the two basic profile features, i.e. texture type of layers and their position in the profile, characteristic texture layers of the profiles were defined. In the study area nine types of characteristic texture layers were eventually established. Using the fuzzy c-means algorithm model, the soils in the study area were divided into nine categories of characteristics texture layers combinations, with missing features and thickness of the characteristic texture layers as the basic data, of the soil profiles observed and soil drilling sites in the study area. The cat- egories were also called soil profile texture configuration. With the aid of the ordinary kriging prediction method, a single category membership map and a defuzzied map of the nine categories of soil profile texture combinations were derived. The finding of the vertical composition characteristics of soil layers different in texture in the soil profiles and the horizontal distribution of soil profiles different in texture configuration provides a more objective wealth of basic information for regional land quality evaluation, assessment of potential productivity, and improvement and utilization of the soil.