中文摘要：

压制多次波是地震资料处理过程中的重要环节之一，多次波去除的效果直接影响到最后成像的质量．本文研究的逆散射级数法以波动方程和Born级数为基础，构造一个与自由表面多次波相关的子序列来预测并消除多次波，该方法不需要知道地下的速度结构信息，适用于各种复杂的地下情况．在逆散射级数法的实现过程中，地震子波和近道波场是必不可少的信息，本文采用能量最低法则和带限抛物Radon变换法来弥补原始地震资料中所缺失的这些信息．合成资料和实际地震资料的处理结果表明，逆散射级数法能够在去除自由表面多次波的同时保留有效波的信息，对于地下复杂结构的情况同样有效．

英文摘要：

Multiple removal is a key process in seismic data processing, the effect of multiple elimination directly affects the final imaging. In this paper, inverse scattering series method is based on wave equation and Born series, multiples are predicted and removed by constructing a subseries corresponding to surface-related multiples. This method does not need any subsurface information and is suitable for different kinds of complex structures. However, source wavelet and near offset traces information will be needed for applying this technique. Energy minimizing method and band-limited parabolic Radon transform is employed to meet the above two conditions. The examples of a synthetic data study and a marine data show that the free-surface multiple can be well attenuated in both prestack gathers and seismic section by implementation with inverse scattering series method.