中文摘要：

选取健康10月龄奶山羊10头，断头宰杀后取咽扁桃体和咽鼓管扁桃体，应用组织学光镜和电镜制片技术研究咽扁桃体和咽鼓管扁桃体的显微和亚显微组织结构。结果表明：山羊咽扁桃体和咽鼓管扁桃体的黏膜上皮主要由2-3层多边形上皮细胞组成，部分区域只有单层扁平细胞，相邻上皮细胞间空隙很大，上皮细胞表面有丰富的微绒毛。上皮细胞之间和黏膜上皮下方固有层内有大量淋巴细胞浸润。扁桃体的实质部分由数个次级淋巴小结和弥散淋巴组织构成，弥散淋巴组织中有大量分布的淋巴管和毛细血管后微静脉。此外，在紧贴黏膜上皮细胞下方的固有层和淋巴滤泡中可观察到少量的树突状细胞。结果提示山羊的咽扁桃体和咽鼓管扁桃体可作为鼻腔免疫的主要诱导位点和效应部位。

英文摘要：

The healthy goats aged 10 months were used to study the histology and ultrastructure of the pharyngeal tonsil and the tubal tonsil of goat by using histological and electron microscopy techniques. The results showed that the stratified squamous epithelium covering the tonsils was lesser, even some areas were covered by simple epithelium, and the intercellular junction of the epithelium was looser. There were many microvilli on the surface of the epithelial cells. Underneath the epithelium and in lamina propria were frequently infiltrated heavily by lymphocytes. The lamina propria consisted of scattered lymph nodules, aggregations of lymphocytes and diffuse lymphoid tissue, while a large distribution of lymphatic and high endothelial venules （HEVs） could be found in the diffuse lymphoid tissue. Furthermore, some dendritic cells （DCs） could be observed underneath the epithelium or in the lymphoid follicles. Our results indicated that the pharyngeal tonsil and the tubal tonsil could be used as an effective induction site or effective site of intranasal immunity in goat.