中文摘要：

基于跨孔测量方式分辨率高、探测范围广、结果图像直观等特点，本研究基于前人的工作选用有限差分方法进行跨孔地震波波动方程数值模拟，通过对模型采用边界吸收等处理，最后获得地震波在地下介质中传播的波场快照以及检波器接收记录。主要通过对断层、低速球、层状介质三种模型透射波波场特征的探讨，研究地下地质体结构，并且在方法上验证了有限差分法是一种计算速度快、占用内存小、编程简单的方法，在理论上验证了跨孔地震方法受外界干扰因素影响小，可推断、了解地质构造，为工程勘察提供依据。

英文摘要：

Due to the advantages of high resolution, wide detection range and strong visualization of resulting images of cross-hole measurement method, based on the previous work, this study uses the finite difference method （FDM） to simulate seismic wave equation, treat the model by absorbing boundary conditions, obtain the wave field snapshots of seismic wave propagation in the subsurface and the data record. Through the research on the transmission wave field characteristics of three model include fault model, sphere of low wave velocity model and layered model, the underground geological structure is studied and the finite difference method is proved fast in calculation, small in memory cost and simple programming. Furthermore, cross-hole seismic method is easy to be performed and has strong robust to external disturbance, it provides a basis not only for inferring, understanding subsurface geological structure, but also provide a basis for engineering investigation.