中文摘要：

以长期定位试验的土壤为供试材料，通过室内培养试验，研究了长期施用化肥和秸秆对水稻土C、N矿化和微生物生物量的影响。结果表明长期施用化肥和秸秆增加了土壤C矿化量，但降低了可矿化C在土壤有机C中的比例。长期施用化肥能够增加土壤N矿化量，而且增加了可矿化N在土壤全N中的比例，但配施秸秆不能继续增加N矿化量。长期施用化肥和秸秆能够显著增加土壤微生物生物量C、N含量。但微生物量在土壤中的比例变化不大。

英文摘要：

Based on a long-term fertilization experiment in a paddy soil, this paper studied the effects of long-term application of chemical fertilizer and rice straw on carbon （C） and nitrogen （N） mineralization by incubation experiments. Results showed that long-term application of chemical fertilizer and straw increased carbon mineralization, but decreased the proportion of C mineralized to total organic C. Long-term application of chemical fertilizer increased N mineralization and the proportion of mineralizable N to total N. Compared to chemical fertilizer application alone, added application of rice straw did not increased N mineralization. Long-term application of chemical fertilizer and rice straw significantly increased microbial biomass C and N contents.