中文摘要：

为开发廉价实用的吸附材料，利用聚乙烯醇-海藻酸钠（PVASA）固定香菇废弃菌柄作为生物吸附剂吸附溶液中的Cd^2＋，吸附过滤后的溶液用原子吸收光谱仪（AAS）测定Cd^2＋的浓度。结果表明：对溶液中Cd^2＋的吸附7h达到平衡，平衡吸附量为0．2008mg／g；模拟二级方程能很好地拟合吸附过程，决定系数R^2为0．9946；Cd^2＋适宜的吸附pH值范围为4—7，比自由态香菇粉广；随着Cd^2＋初始质量浓度的增加，溶液中Cd^2＋的吸附量逐渐增加；与Cd^2＋共存于同一溶液中的Cu^2＋或Pb^2＋明显降低了Cd^2＋的吸附率；分别用Langmuir、Freundlich、Dubinin-Radushkevich（D-R）和Langmuir-Freundlich等温吸附模型对Cd^2＋的吸附过程进行拟合，结果表明Langmuir吸附模型能很好地拟合溶液中Cd^2＋的等温吸附过程，R^2达0．9981。微观形态研究表明。PVA-SA香菇小球吸附Cd^2＋后粗糙多孔的表面变得密实，表面有Cd沉积和Cd晶体存在。红外光谱（FTIR）研究发现，在PVA-SA香菇小球吸附Cd^2＋的过程中香菇细胞壁上的-OH、-CO、-CO-NH及PVA发挥了作用。用10mmol／L的HCl作为解吸剂，3次解吸后PVA-SA小球对Cd^2＋的吸附率仍可以达到64．17％，表明香菇废弃菌柄的PVA-SA固定技术在重金属生物吸附的实际应用中是可行的。

英文摘要：

This paper was aimed to find a comparatively cheap and practical biosorption material for metal ion removal from sewage, known as Lent/nus edodes residue. The residue was actually immobilized by pelyvinyl alcohol-Na-alginate （PVA-SA） for Cd^2＋ removal in solution. The concentration of Cd^2＋ in the solution after absorption was tested by atomic absorption spectrophotometer （AAS） and found that the biosorption of Cd^2＋ could reach equilibrium within 7 h by using immobilized L. edodes residue, which was actually far longer than by the L. edodes residue powder. Moreover, Cd^2＋ biosorption process can be well described by pseudo second-order model, with the balanced biosorption quantity able to reach 0. 200 8 mg/L. When the pH value of metal ion solution increased from 0 to 4, Cd^2＋ biosorption ratio would rise apparently from 35 % to 73 %, whereas its pH value was over 4, with the increase of Cd^2＋ biosorption ratio being negligible. However, the suitable pH value range would come from 4 to 7 for the Cd^2＋ biosorption, it was much wider in contiast to the L. edodes residue powder. Then, when Cd^2＋ initial concentration increased from 0 mg/L to 120 mg/L,Cd^2＋ biosorption would be gained accordingly by immobilized L. edodes residue. And in this case, when Cd^2＋ concentration was settled as 10 mg/L and the interferential metal Cu^2＋/Pb^2＋ concentration varied from 0 mg/L to 30 mg/L, the biosorption ratio of Cd^2＋ would be likely to go down apparently according to variance analysis. Thus, it was proved possible to use the isotherm models including Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin- Radushkevich （D-R）, with Langmuir-Freundlich fitting the experimental data. The above results indicate that Langmuir model is best suitable for theCd^2＋ isotherm biosorption with the correlation value R^2of 0.998 1, on the condition when its theoretical biosorption quantities were 6.447 5 mg/L, which was close to the experimental data 6.046 9 mg/L. Except D-R model, Langmuir-Freundlich and Freundlich models