中文摘要：

针对汽车工程中存在的两类摆振问题,车轮摆振和车身摆振,分别描述它们的行为和产生机理,综述国内外对此两类摆振问题的研究的发展历程以及主要的研究成果。摆振现象本质上是较为复杂的非线性动力学行为,针对此问题的研究在理论和实践上都存在很多困难。无论是车轮摆振还是车身摆振,首先它们都是非线性系统自激振荡的表现,其次它们的产生都归因于轮胎接地力对系统做正功,向系统输入的能量恰好能够维持系统摆振行为的产生。同时,包含弹性轮胎的车轮子系统、转向子系统和悬架子系统是影响两种摆振行为的三大关键因素。鉴于摆振问题仍然是汽车动力学领域的研究难点之一以及新型汽车的快速发展,本文也指出了摆振研究目前仍存在的一些问题,并对此类问题的进一步工作进行展望。

英文摘要：

Two types of shimmy problems in automotive engineering,wheel shimmy and vehicle body shimmy,as well as their behaviors and generation mechanism,are discussed in this paper.A review of their research history and significant achievements at home and abroad are presented as the main part of this paper.The shimmy phenomenon is essentially a very intricate nonlinear dynamics behavior,and many questions in theory and in practice still have to be answered.Both wheel shimmy and vehicle body shimmy are self-excited oscillations of nonlinear systems,and they can be attributed to the positive work generated by the forces at the contact patch between the tires and ground.The continuation of the shimmy behavior is just maintained by the input energy to the system.Meanwhile,the wheel subsystem with elastic tires,the steering subsystem and the suspension subsystem are the three key sources where influences on the shimmy behavior come from.Seeing that the shimmy problems are still challenges in vehicle dynamics and might change for the rapid developing new energy automobiles,the existing problems related to shimmy and their future research perspective are presented as well.