中文摘要：

制造业转型升级的重要环节是激活中小企业的创新力量。技术学习难度增大、外部协同创新机制不完善、企业自身演化进程等因素共同决定了企业创新的必要性。我国制造业发展的阶段特征、产业特征、中小企业发展路径决定了现阶段中小企业自主创新能力具有特定的内涵和发展路径。在技术路线方面，不断积累模块化产品领域的技术能力，进一步发挥大规模制造的成本优势，利用信息技术和新兴工艺对传统生产设备和制造系统进行改造和提升；组织能力方面，借助区域创新系统、协同创新平台等渠道，通过自主研发、合作研发，整合外部前沿知识和核心技术，加快知识－技术－产品转化速度。

英文摘要：

China's manufacturing industry is experiencing transformation and upgrading to an advanced stage where activatingthe innovation abilities of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is an crucial tache. Difficulties in learning , imperfectionin synergetic innovation mechanism and specificity in evolution process determines the necessity of independent innovationfor enterprises. Characteristics of industry, development stage and the path dependence shaped the specific connotation ofindependent innovation ability. SMEs should cultivate technic abilities in the way of further technology accumulation in modularproducts, enhancement in comparative advantages in large-scale production cost , upgrading traditional production equipmentand manufacturing system by the wide-use of information technology and emerging technology; In terms of Organizational skills,It is crucial to speed up the conversion among knowledge - technology - product by the means of independent R&D and ResearchJoint Venture(RJV)in the context of regional innovation system,and synergetic innovation platform.