中文摘要：

电力系统中的电磁暂态现象主要是由各种开关装置在操作过程中的电弧放电现象所引起，随着输电电压等级的提高．开关电孤放电所引起的电磁暂态问题更加突出。文中总结了开关电弧放电的电磁暂态特征和暂态干扰机理．并重点分析了国内外电磁暂态干扰数学模型研究和现场测量技术的发展现状。分析结果表明建立准确有效的单次电弧放电模型和多次电弧重燃模型对电磁暂态干扰仿真研究至关重要。其中，单次电弧放电模型正朝着基于物理模型和黑盒模型的混合电弧模型方向发展：多次电弧重燃模型的研究重点在于电弧重燃判据的建立．在特高压条件下．由热击穿引起的电弧重燃应引起高度重视。根据电磁暂态干扰的现场测试要求（低噪声、宽频带、高动态响应、高精度），研究可用于特高压变电站瞬态电场和磁场测量的传感系统是现场测量技术发展的重中之重。

英文摘要：

Almost of the electromagnetic transient phenomena in the power system are caused by arc discharge when operating switchgears. With the development of the transmission voltage level, the transient electromagnetic problems become more serious. This paper summarizes the characteristics and the interference mechanism of the electromagnetic transient phenomena, emphatically analyzes the recent research trends in terms of the mathematical models and field measurement technology. The analysis shows that to establish precise and effective single-discharge arc model and multi-reignition arc model is of great importance to the study of the transient electromagnetic interference by simulation method. Among them, the single-discharge arc model is developing with trends of hybrid are model based on the physical model and black-box model. To obtain the criterion of arc-reignition is the research emphasis of multi-reignition arc model. For ultra-high voltage （UHV） applications, we should attach great importance to the thermal breakdown which is one of the reasons leading to the arc-reignition. According to the field testing requirements （low-noise, ultra-broad-band, high-dynamic response, high-precision）, to develop the sensor measurement system for the transient electric field and magnetic field in UHV substation is the most important to the field testin~ technology＇s research.