中文摘要：

使用热分析法研究生物柴油的着火性。提出了活性原子燃烧机理：生物柴油的燃烧过程分为挥发、离解和结合三个阶段,即首先将液态的脂肪酸甲酯分子挥发成气态,然后再将脂肪酸甲酯、O2和N2分子离解成活性原子C＊、H＊、O＊和N＊,最后C＊、H＊和N＊分别与O＊结合,释放键结合能,生成CO2、CO、H2O和NOx;建立了结合阶段的反应速率和反应速率常数方程。定义了着火温度和挥发性指数。研究结果表明：生物柴油主要由14～24个偶数碳原子的脂肪酸甲酯组成;生物柴油的着火性比石油柴油好,棕榈油生物柴油和菜籽油生物柴油的着火温度分别为480.9 K和483.7 K。

英文摘要：

Thermo analysis has been employed to investigate the ignitability of biodiesel since ignitability influences combustion and exhaust emissions of fuels in a compression ignition engine.The chemical compositions of petrodiesel and biodiesel were analyzed with GC-MS.The ignitabilities of petrodiesel and biodiesel were studied by thermo gravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry.The generated reactive atom combustion mechanism is put forward as follows：Biodiesel combustion process comprises three steps,viz.,volatilizing,dissociating and combining.First,liquid fatty acid methyl ester molecules are volatilized.Second,fatty acid methyl ester,O2 and N2 molecules are dissociated into reactive atom C＊,H＊,O＊ and N＊.Third,the reactive atom C＊,H＊ and N＊ react respectively with reactive atom O＊ to produce CO2,CO,H2O and NOx,and release bond binding energy.The reaction rate equation and the reaction rate constant equation of combining are established.The ignition temperature and volatile are defined.The composition analysis reveals that biodiesel is mainly composed of saturated fatty acid methyl esters C14∶0 ～ C24∶0,unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters C16∶1 ～ C22∶1,C18∶2 and C18∶3.Biodiesel ignitability is better than petrodiesel＇s.The ignition temperature of PME and RME is 480.9 K and 483.7 K,respectively.