中文摘要：

2011年3月9日-5月19日，以厦门海域采集的野生个体和实验室繁育的日本文昌鱼成体为亲本，尝试性地建立了全同胞家系；采用温度和光照诱导的方法，对雌、雄亲本进行人工催产，获得了34对亲本的全同胞家系受精卵。在家系培育过程中发现致使胚胎和仔鱼死亡的几种主要原因，以及日本文昌鱼早期发育的两种模式。通过加强养护管理，提高仔鱼存活率，缩短幼体变态所需时间，最终建立了7个完成变态的全同胞家系。在这些家系中，从受精卵到完成变态后不久的亚成体存活率最高为32．4％，最低为1．67％，而变态最快历时24d，最慢历时42d。虽然在全同胞家系建立过程中，幼体死亡率高，家系问的胚胎和幼体生长发育状况差异大，但实验结果表明日本文昌鱼全同胞家系建立完全可行，为其优良品系选育建立了基础。

英文摘要：

One general requirement of individual laboratory animals is that they have known genetic backgrounds. However, ensuring such genetic similarity is difficult, and can be facilitated by breeding a full strain for experimentation. To this end, the authors bred 34 full-sib families of amphioxus larvae/embryos. Due to the high mortality of the embryos and larvae, only seven full-sib families of juvenile amphioxus Branchiostoma japonicum were obtained. Among them, the highest and lowest survival ratios were 32.4% and 1.67%, respectively, whereas the shortest metamorphosis and longest larva duration were 24 d and 42 d, respectively. These results demonstrate the feasibility of establishing full-sib families of amphioxus, and provide fundamental data needed for the future breeding of amphioxus strains.