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气溶胶影响混合相对流云降水的数值模拟研究

ISSN号：1674-7097
期刊名称：大气科学学报
时间：2013
页码：513-526
分类：P426[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]
作者机构：[1]南京信息工程大学中国气象局气溶胶与云降水重点开放实验室,江苏南京210044, [2]昆明市气象局,云南昆明650034
相关基金：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目（41030962）;国家重点基础研究发展计划项目（2010CB428602）;公益性行业（气象）科研专项（GYHY201306047）;江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划资助项目（CX09B_225Z）;江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目（PAPD）
相关项目：我国南方地形云和气溶胶相互作用的观测和理论研究

关键词：云凝结核, 冰核, 气溶胶层, 降水, cloud condensation nuclei, ice nuclei, aerosol layer, precipitation

中文摘要：

利用一种新的异质冰相核化参数化方案，研究了当气溶胶同时作为云凝结核和冰核时，在不同高度输送对混合相对流云和降水的影响。结果发现，对于本文研究的理想混合相对流云，气溶胶在边界层的输送导致液滴数浓度明显增加，有效半径减小，霰粒的生长受到抑制，引起霰粒质量浓度降低；而气溶胶在对流层中层4～6km输送时，导致冰晶和霰粒数浓度明显增加。由于较多的冰晶引起更加快速的贝吉隆过程，使霰粒的质量浓度增加；气溶胶在对流层中层2～4km高度输送时冰相形成作用相对较弱，并引起霰粒的数浓度略微增加，由于霰粒的有效半径减小导致其质量浓度下降。气溶胶在不同高度的输送都导致液态和固态降水率降低，随着背景气溶胶数浓度的增加，气溶胶在0～2km、2～4km以及4～6km的输送分别导致累积降水量减少28％～64％、4％～44％和3％～46％，并且对降水的抑制效应及所在高度不同引起的降水差异随着背景气溶胶数浓度的增加而减小。

英文摘要：

A new parameterization for heterogeneous ice formation was used in a cloud model with bin- resolved microphysics to investigate the effect of aerosols, which act as cloud condensation nuclei and ice nuclei, on mixed phase convective cloud microphysics and precipitation. The results showed that, for the theoretically ideal simulated mixed phase convective cloud, the drop concentration increased sig- nificantly when aerosol particles transported in the boundary layer with decreased effective radius and graupel mass concentration due to suppressed graupel growth;whereas the number of ice crystals and graupel particles increased substantially when aerosols transported at mid-troposphere with altitude of 4---6 km, leading to more rapid Bergeron process and reinforced graupel mass concentration. The aero- sols lofted at altitude of 2--4 km exerts relatively weaker effect on ice formation with slightly increased number concentration and decreased mass concentration of graupel due to smaller effective radius. Aero- sol layers transported at both boundary layer and mid-troposphere resulted in diminished maximum liq-uid and ice phase rainfall rate with 28%-64% ,4%-44% and 3%-46% reduction in accumulated rainfall when aerosols transported at altitudes of 0-2 km, 2-4 km and 4-6 km, respectively. And un- der different pollutant conditions, the suppression effect of aerosol layers on precipitation and the differ- ence in rainfall rates induced by aerosol layer transported at different altitudes were lessened with higher background aerosol concentration.

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