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四川万源市烟区生态条件与雪茄烟叶质量分析

ISSN号：1004-5708
期刊名称：《中国烟草学报》
时间：0
分类：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]
作者机构：[1]四川省烟草公司达州市公司,四川达州市达川区仰天湾,635000, [2]新疆大学经济与管理学院,新疆乌鲁木齐市胜利路14号,830047, [3]四川中烟工业公司长城雪茄烟厂,四川什邡市蓥峰南路,618400
相关基金：中国烟草总公司四川省公司重点项目“四川特色优质雪茄烟叶研究与开发”（SCYC20160101）和计划项目“达州名晾晒烟生产关键技术研究与应用”（2015011）

作者：杨兴有[1,2], 靳冬梅[1], 李爱军, 韩利红[1], 杨吉光[1], 侯涛[1], 曾勇[1], 宋德权, 郑忠飞

关键词：雪茄烟叶, 气候, 土壤, 质量, cigar tobacco, climate, soil, quality

中文摘要：

为探明四川省万源市雪茄烟区生态条件及雪茄烟叶质量特征,分析了万源市烟区的气温、空气相对湿度、降雨量和日照条件等气候特点,植烟土壤pH值、有机质和营养元素含量状况,雪茄烟叶物理特性、化学成分含量和感官评吸质量。结果表明：（1）万源市烟区气温及其年度变化规律与烟草适宜温度要求一致,降雨量充沛,年度降雨分配与烟草生长期需水规律一致,空气相对湿度较高,有利于优质雪茄烟生长和调制,山地云雾较多光照柔和,适宜优质茄衣形成。（2）万源市植烟土壤pH值微酸至中性,有机质含量中等,土壤阳离子交换量适宜,大部分营养元素含量丰富或适宜,速效磷、速效钾含量不足,土壤缺锌,缺硼较重。（3）万源市雪茄烟叶物理特性适宜,烟叶总植物碱含量偏高,其它化学成分含量基本适宜,评吸质量总体较好。万源市烟区具备生产优质雪茄烟叶的生态条件,应注意补充钾肥和锌、硼元素,采取措施降低雪茄烟叶总植物碱含量。

英文摘要：

In order to study ecological conditions and quality of cigar tobacco leaves in Wanyuan tobacco growing areas of Sichuan Province,climate factors,tobacco-planting soil nutrient status and quality of cigar tobacco leaves were analyzed.Results showed that：（1）Temperature and annual variation of temperature was suitable for tobacco planting in Wanyuan.Annual rainfall distribution was consistent with water requirement of tobacco growing period.Air relative humidity was higher and sunlight was not strong,which were beneficial to growth and curing of cigar tobacco leaves.（2）Nutrients were suitable for tobacco planting in Wanyuan.Soil boasted weak acidity and had medium level of organic matter content.Soil was rich in most of nutrition elements.Phosphorus and potassium were insufficient,zinc and boron were in great shortage.（3）Sensory quality of cigar tobacco leaf in Wanyuan was as good as its physical characteristics and chemical composition and its sensory quality for smoking was relatively good.It showed that the ecological conditions in Wanyuan were suitable for cigar tobacco.

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