中文摘要：

对以色列3个群体的二穗短柄草（Brochypodium distachyon）种子的休眠与萌发进行了研究。结果表明：以色列二穗短柄草种子都具有休眠的习性，且不属于外源休眠（种壳休眠）类型；储藏温度和时间等因素对不同群体的二穗短柄草种子的休眠和萌发有着极显著的影响，高温（40℃）储藏可以加快种子后熟，打破种子的休眠；3个群体的二穗短柄草种子休眠深度不同，依次是：Sede Boqer〉Yatir〉Mt．Carmel；且休眠深度与群体生长地年平均降雨量呈负相关关系。二穗短柄草的这些休眠和萌发特性可能是其长期与环境相互作用，在自然选择压力下进化形成的存活机制。

英文摘要：

The dormancy and germination of Brochypodium distachyon caryopses sampled from three populations in Israel were investigated. The results showed that caryopses of B. distachyon developed dormancy which was found not to be the type of exogenous dormancy. The factors, such as temperature and duration of dry storage, etc. had significant effects on caryopsis germination of B. distachyon. The afterripening process could accelerate and caryopses dormancy could break when storaged at high temperature （40℃）, and the order of dormancy depth among three populations was Sede Boqer 〉 Yatir 〉 Mt. Cannel. Furthermore, the dormancy depth was found to be correlated negatively with the mean annual rainfall at three local sites. The present results demonstrated that evolutionary background has a strong effect on the intensity of caryopses dormancy of this species, and B. distachyon populations have evolved adaptive mechanisms by regulating the time of germination in Israel.