中文摘要：

本文通过将环境质量作为内生要素同时引入生产函数与效用函数，构建三个带有环境污染约束的经济增长模型，系统地分析了环境污染外部性、物质资本积累、人力资本开发以及内生技术进步影响长期经济增长的内在机制。模型的基本结论表明，在环境污染的约束下，人力资本投资和研发创新是经济长期持续增长的主要动力源泉和决定性因素。为了实现经济可持续的最优发展战略，政府可以通过扶持人力资本积累与技术创新活动，促进清洁生产技术进步和制定严厉的环境标准，以及增强全民环保意识与可持续发展意识来达到这一目标。

英文摘要：

By introducing environmental quality into production function and utility function, this paper develops three growth models all with the restraints of environmental pollution to examine the interaction between negative pollution externalities, physical capital, and human capital accumulation, R＆D-based technological change and sustainable economic growth. Our conclusion demonstrates that R＆D and human capital investment have become important determinants and the sources of long-term economic growth. And according to the models presented here, a government could intervene and bring the described economy onto an optimal and sustainable growth trajectory by supporting the human capital sector and R＆D activities, improving pollution abatement technologies, conducting more stringent environmental standards, and building up environmental consciousness and sustainable consciousness.