中文摘要：

介绍了基于电致变色和热致变色的可变发射率薄膜及器件的基本原理及目前的研究现状，重点总结了三氧化钨（wO3）、导电高分子（CPs）、钙钛矿型复合氧化物（Al-xBrM03）、二氧化钒（VO2）等四类典型红外发射率可变材料。最后针对电致变色和热致变色分别提出了存在的具体问题，对我国智能变色发射率可调型薄膜及器件的发展进行了展望。

英文摘要：

The variable emissivity films or devices based on electrochromism and thermochromism are introduced. The basic principle and present status of the research in these fields are overviewed. Four kinds of representative variable emissivity materials are extensively summarized, which are tungsten trioxides （WO3）, conducting polymers （CPs）, perovskite oxides （A1-xBxMO3）, and vanadium dioxide （VO2）. Finally, specific problems have been raised for electrochromic and thermochromic respectively. Future directions on variable emissivity films or devices in China are prospected.