中文摘要：

目的建立大鼠海马神经元原代培养方法，记录钾电流并观察其特性。方法无血清培养法进行海马神经元原代培养，从形态学和电生理学方面鉴定细胞活性；全细胞膜片钳技术记录钾电流，从药理学和动力学观察钾通道特性。结果经5—7d培养，获得胞膜完整、胞质均匀的海马神经元，并记录到典型的全细胞电压依赖性钾电流（IK）、延迟整流钾电流（IKDR），IK和IKDR均为外向电流，激活电压分别为-50mV和-40mv，随着去极化程度增加而增加，能被已知的钾通道的阻断剂4-AP和TEA—C1阻断，IK和IKDR的半教最大激活膜电位（V1／2）分别为（22．1676±2．1778）mV（n=6）和（17．8457±1．7767）mV（n=6），斜率因子（K）分别为（-6．1541±3．0541）mV（n=6）和（-6．5193±2．1894）mV（n=6）。结论在该实验条件下培养的海马神经元形态和生理特性起好，较好的表达了电压依赖性钾离子通道特性，适合电生理研究。

英文摘要：

[Objective] To develop the method of primary cultivating of hippocampal neurons of new born rats and to observe the potassium channels characteristic of the neurons. [Method] The hippocampal neurons were cultured with serum-free medium combination, and its activity were verified by morphology and electrophysiology. The potassium currents were recorded hy whole-cell patch clamp technique, and studied its characteristics by pharmacology and kinetics of activation. [Results] After 5-7 days culture, the hippoeampal neurons＇ membrane is intact and cytoplasm is homogeneous. After block Na＋ channels by TTX, standard whole cell voltage dependent potassium current（IK） and delayed rectifier potassium cutrent（IKDR）were reeorded who are outward currents. Their activated voltage were -50mV and -40 mV, respectively. 4-aminopyridine （4-AP） and tetraethylammonium （TEA） blocked components of outward potassium currents, Their half maximal activation voltage 0/1/2） were （22.1676±2.1778） mV （n=6） and （17.8457±1,7767） mV （n=6） and slope factor （k） were （-6.1541±3.0541） mY（n=6） and （-6.5193±2.1894） mV（n=6）, respectively. [Conchlsion] The cultured hippocampal neurons with good shape and physiological characteristic can be obtained by this method, and be suitable for study on hippocampal neurons by patch clamp,