中文摘要：

【目的】研究云南5个地区（晋宁、祥云、程海、泸沽湖、洱海）的戟叶酸模（Rumexhastatus）花中的酵母菌和类酵母。【方法】采用涂布平板法对5个地区的戟叶酸模花中酵母菌和类酵母进行分离,通过26S rDNA D1/D2区域序列分析并结合形态观察对分离获得的酵母菌和类酵母进行鉴定;采用胞外酶定性筛选培养基进行产酶筛选;用苏丹黑B染色法筛选产油脂菌株。【结果】从戟叶酸模花中分离得到82株酵母菌和99株类酵母;82株酵母菌鉴定为6个属16个种和1个潜在新种,99株类酵母鉴定为短梗霉属（Aureobasidium）的普鲁兰类酵母（A.pullulans）及3个变种;戟叶酸模花中的优势属是类酵母短梗霉属,其次为红酵母属（Rhodotorula）和隐球酵母属（Cryptococcus）;筛选到134株具有产胞外酶活性和83株产油脂的酵母菌和类酵母。【结论】研究结果显示5个地区的戟叶酸模花中酵母菌和类酵母种类多样性较为丰富,并具有产淀粉酶、蛋白酶、纤维素酶、脂肪酶和油脂的特点,有潜在的应用前景。

英文摘要：

[Objective] Study on yeast and yeast-like collected from the Rurnex hastatus in five regions （Jinning, Xiangyun, Chenghai, Luguhu and Erhai） of Yunnan province. [Methods] The yeasts and yeast-like were isolated by spreading plate and identified by using large-subunit 26S rDNA gene D1/D2 domain sequence analysis and morphological. The ability of the yeast strains to produced extracellular enzyme and lipid were tested by screening media and Sudan black-B staining method. [Results] 82 yeasts and 99 yeast-like strains were isolated from the Rumex hastatus in five regions. The yeast strains were identified as belonging to 6 genera and 16 species and I suspected new species. And the yeast-like strains were identified as 1 species and 3 variety. The dominant genera in Rumex hastatus flowers were yeast-like Aureobasidium, followed by Rhodotorula and Cryptococcus. It has been obtained that 134 strains produced extracellular enzyme and 83 strains produced lipid. [Conclusion] The diversity of yeasts and yeast-like species from Rumex hastatus flowers in five regions are more abundant. With char- acteristics of producing amylase, protease, cellulase, lipase and lipid, these strains will have a potential value of application.