中文摘要：

目的研究吗啡精神依赖大鼠伏隔核（NAc）、苍白球腹侧核（VP）以及中脑腹侧被盖区（VTA）中细胞外谷氨酸（Glu）和γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）含量的变化。方法18只Wistar大鼠按照随机数字表法分为对照组（8只）和吗啡组（10只）。吗啡组大鼠每日皮下注射盐酸吗啡，并进行位置偏爱（CPP）训练，10d后停药，戒断躯体依赖后行CPP评分；对照组大鼠在相同时间给予同体积的生理盐水皮下注射10d。停药一周后用微透析探针对大鼠NAc、VP和VTA行微透析，用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）测定透析液中的Glu和GABA的含量。结果吗啡组NAc中细胞外Glu含量明显高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），两组VP和vTA中细胞外Glu和GABA含量比较差异有统计学意义。结论Glu在维持精神依赖的过程中发挥重要作用。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the changes in the levels ofextracellular glutamate （Glu） and gamma-aminobutyric acid （GABA） in the nucleus accumbens （NAc）, ventral pallidum （VP） and ventral tegmental area （VTA） of rats with psychological dependence on morphine. Methods Eighteen Wistar rats were randomized into control group （n=8） and morphine group （n=10）. Morphine hydrochloride was injected subcutaneously in rats in the morphine group for 10 days, followed by conditioned place preference （CPP） training, and the CPP behavior of the rats was evaluated after disappearance of physical morphine dependence. Sodium chloride solution was injected subcutaneously in rats in the control group. One week after morphine withdrawal, microdialysis probes were placed into the NAc, VP and VTA of the rats under anesthesia, and the levels of extracellular Glu and GABA in the microdialysates were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. Results Compared with the control group, the rats in the morphine group showed significantly increased levels of extracellular Glu in the NAc （P〈0.05）, while the levels of extracellular Glu and GABA remained unchanged in the VP and VTA. Conclusion Glu plays an important role in the maintenance of psychological morphine dependence.