中文摘要：

基于车辆-轨道耦合动力学理论,采用频率分析方法计算轨道高低不平顺与车辆-轨道垂向耦合系统之间的传递函数。根据车辆-轨道耦合系统的振动传递特性得出轨道高低不平顺的敏感波长,并分析其分布特征,进一步探讨行车速度、车辆悬挂参数、轨道参数对敏感波长的影响。结果表明：基于车辆-轨道耦合系统的振动传递特性,可得出轨道不平顺的敏感波长;车体、转向架振动加速度的敏感波长不随车速的增大而递增,而由车速的增大速率与敏感频率移动速率的比值决定的;轮对加速度、轮轨力和轨道结构振动加速度的敏感波长随车速的增大近似呈线性增大;适当增大车辆系统的悬挂刚度和阻尼有利于减小高低不平顺的最大敏感波长范围;轨道刚度和阻尼对车体、转向架振动加速度的敏感波长几乎无影响,但轮对加速度、轮轨力和轨道结构振动加速度的敏感波长随轨道刚度和阻尼的增大而减小。

英文摘要：

Based on the theories of vehicle-track coupling system dynamics,this paper calculated the transfer function between the track vertical profile irregularity and the vehicle-track coupling system by using the frequency analysis method.According to the vibration transmission properties of the vehicle-track coupling system,the sensitive wavelength of track vertical profile irregularity was figured out and the distribution characteristics of the sensitive wavelength were analyzed.Further,the influences of train speed,vehicle suspension parameters and track structure parameters on the sensitive wavelength were discussed.The results showed that the accurate values of the sensitive wavelength of track vertical profile irregularity can be figured out depending on the vibration transmission properties of the vehicle-track coupling system.The sensitive wavelengths of the vibration acceleration of vehicle body and bogie did not elongate with the increase of train speed but were determined by the ratio between train acceleration and the moving rate of sensitive frequency.The sensitive wavelengths of the acceleration of wheel set,wheel-rail force and vibration acceleration of track structure elongated approximately linearly with the increase of train speed.Properly increasing the suspension stiffness and damping helped reduce the range of the maximum vertical profile irregularity sensitive wavelength.The sensitive wavelengths of the acceleration of the wheel set,wheel-rail force and vibration acceleration of track structure decreased with the increase of track stiffness and damping while the track stiffness and damping had nearly no influence on the sensitive wavelengths of the vibration acceleration of vehicle body and bogie.