中文摘要：

分别对槽式、线性菲涅尔式、塔式、碟式4种聚光型太阳能热发电技术中的聚光集热系统内非均匀辐射能流分布特性及由此带来的问题和挑战进行了总结,重点回顾了针对非均匀辐射能流特性带来的问题所提出的解决方法的研究进展,包括作者团队近年来在该方面的相关研究.分析看出,吸热器内的太阳能辐射能流分布表现出强烈的非均匀性,不均匀的辐射能流分布必然造成吸热表面/吸热体内不均匀的温度分布,即出现过高的局部温度、过大的温度梯度.局部温度过高容易造成局部热斑烧毁、吸热涂层性能减退、传热流体变性劣化;温度梯度过大导致出现热应力热变形,容易造成吸热器关键部件的结构失稳破坏.接着指出,非均匀的能流分布之所以给聚光集热系统带来诸多挑战,其根源在于吸热器内均匀的吸热能力与吸热表面/吸热体内非均匀的能流分布之间不能相互匹配,进而导致吸热表面/吸热体出现不均匀的温度分布.据此,作者将现有的解决方法总结分类为两种途径：（1）优化吸热器的＂吸热＂能力,使之与非均匀分布的太阳能流相匹配;（2）均化＂聚光＂系统内吸热表面/吸热体内的太阳能流分布,使之吸热器内均匀的吸热能力相匹配.最后,本文提出了解决聚光集热系统内非均匀能流特性问题的思路：需要从＂聚光＂与＂吸热＂不匹配的矛盾入手,以＂光热匹配＂为原则对聚光集热系统进行优化,提高＂聚光＂过程与＂吸热＂过程的协同性.

英文摘要：

In this paper, the non-uniform characteristics of solar flux distribution and the consequent challenges in concentrating solar power（CSP） systems including parabolic trough system, linear Fresnel reflector system, solar power tower, and solar dish system are summarized. The corresponding solutions proposed to tackle the challenges caused by non-uniform solar flux distributions are particularly reviewed. Meanwhile, the authors＇ previous work is also introduced. It is can be seen that the solar flux distributions in both tubular receiver and volumetric receiver are extremely non-uniform for the 4 types of CSP systems. The non-uniform solar flux leads to the non-uniform temperature distributions in the absorber. There exist high local temperature and large temperature gradient, which can causes great challenges for the safety and high-efficiency operation of CSP systems. The selective coating and the heat transfer fluid tend to degrade in high temperature environment; and the absorber also could be burned out in the hot-spot area. Thermal stress and thermal deformation resulted from large temperature gradient can cause damage of the key components of solar receivers. Then the authors pointed out the reason that the non-uniform solar flux distribution could cause the above challenges is attributed to the mismatching between the non-uniform solar flux distribution in the absorber and the uniform heat absorption capacity of the heat transfer fluid, which leads to the non-uniform temperature distribution. Accordingly, the existing solutions for tackling the challenges caused by non-uniform solar flux distribution can be classified into 2 groups：（1） Optimizing the heat absorption capacity to match the non-uniform solar flux distribution;（2） Homogenizing the solar flux distribution in absorber/receiver to match the uniform heat absorption capacity. Finally, the guiding principle of matching between the collecting process and the absorbing process is proposed for solving the problems caused by the non-unifo