中文摘要：

背景：骨髓间充质干细胞在适宜条件下,其成脂向分化增强可促进机体内脂肪细胞的生成。目的：观察去势对大鼠体质量的影响,从骨髓间充质干细胞功能变化角度分析其病理机制。方法：选用同一批次、周龄相同、体质量相近的健康雌性SD大鼠,分为2组,去势组行双侧卵巢切除建立骨质疏松症模型,假手术组部分切除双侧卵巢附近脂肪组织。3个月后显微CT检测两组大鼠股骨骨质量及体质量。分离培养大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞,体外传至第5代,成脂诱导后脂滴油红O染色法检测骨髓间充质干细胞成脂能力;反转录-聚合酶链反应法检测骨髓间充质干细胞成脂相关蛋白过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ及脂蛋白酯酶mRNA表达。结果与结论：去势3个月后,大鼠骨质疏松症模型成功构建。与假手术组相比,去势组大鼠股骨骨质量明显降低,体质量有明显增加,骨髓间充质干细胞成脂向分化增强（P〈0.05）。提示骨髓间充质干细胞成脂向分化增强可能是大鼠去势后体内脂量生成增多,引起体质量肥胖性改变的重要原因。

英文摘要：

BACKGROUND：Under appropriate conditions,enhanced adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells（BMSCs） can promote the formation of adipocytes in vivo.OBJECTIVE：To investigate the influence of ovariectomy on rat body mass,and to analyze the pathological mechanism from the point of functional changes of BMSCs.METHODS：Healthy female Sprague-Dawley rats of similar ages,body mass and from the same batch were selected and randomly divided into two groups.In the ovariectomy group,osteoporosis was induced by resection of bilateral ovaries.In the sham-surgery group,partial adipose tissue adjacent to bilateral ovaries was resected.Three months later,bone quality of the femur and body mass were determined by Micro-CT examination in each group.Rat BMSCs were isolated and cultured in vitro till passage 5.After adipogenic inducation,oil red O staining of lipid drops was used to detect the adipogenic ability of BMSCs;reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and lipoprotein lipase,BMSCs adipogenesis related proteins.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：Rat osteoporosis model was successfully constructed 3 months after ovariectomy.Compared to the sham-surgery group,the femoral bone quality was significantly decreased,body mass was significantly increased,and adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs was significantly enhanced in the ovariectomy group（P 0.05）.These findings suggest that enhanced adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs is likely to be the important cause for increased adipogenesis in vivo and subsequent obesity-like change of body mass in rats after ovariectomy.