中文摘要：

在人工控制条件下进行高温堆肥，考察不同通风方式对堆体温度、发芽指数等堆肥腐熟指标的影响，研究堆肥过程对磺胺二甲嘧啶（SMN）、土霉素（OTC）、金霉素（CTC）和泰妙霉素（TIA）这4种常见畜用抗生素的去除效率。结果表明，翻堆＋机械通风的方式可以促进堆肥腐熟进程，提高堆体最高温度并延长堆体高温阶段持续时间。抗生素的去除主要发生在堆体升温及高温阶段，且去除效率随着堆体最高温度的升高而提高。在4种抗生素添加量均为100mg·kg^-1条件下，堆肥腐熟进程并未受到较大影响。经过28d的高温堆肥，SMN、OTC、CTC和TIA的残留量分别为1．90、7．20、6．64和8．75mg·kg^-1。

英文摘要：

As composting is a common agricultural practice of preparing the manure for farmland application, understand- ing fate and behavior of the residual antibiotics in the manure under composting will help environmental risk assessment of antibiotics. Swine manure was composted under four different modes of aeration, including natural ventilation, pile-turn- ing, mechanical aeration, pile-turning plus mechanical aeration. Changes in temperature of the piles and germination in- dex were monitored during the composting process. Potential influences of aeration mode, external temperature and initial antibiotic concentration on removal efficiency of four commonly-used veterinary antibiotics （ sulfamethazine, oxytetracy- cline, chlortetracycline and tiamulin） were examined in detail. Results indicate that the aeration mode of pile-turning plus mechanical aeration promoted maturity of the compost, as evidenced by the highest pile temperature （ 63 ℃ ） and the lon- gest duration of high-temperature period （4 d above 60 ℃ ）. Most of the antibiotics were degraded in the temperature-ris- ing phase and the high-temperature phase of the manure composting process. The degradation rate increased with the tem- perature, associated with aeration mode. The initial concentration of 100 mg · kg^-1 of all the four antibiotics did not retard much the process of composting. After 28 d of high-temperature composting, the concentration of sulfamethazine, oxytetra- eyeline, chlortetraeycline, and tiamulin dropped remarkably from 100 mg · kg^-1to 1.90, 7.20, 6.64 and 8.75 mg· kg^-1, respectively.