中文摘要：

随着近几年科学技术的进步,液体活检技术也有了长足的发展,并在肿瘤的早期诊断及后期治疗中扮演着越来越重要的角色。相比于传统的组织活检,液体活检以其独有的无创性、便捷性、高重复性等特点在临床上得到更多的青睐,在未来有着巨大的发展潜力。本文重点探讨了循环肿瘤细胞（circulating tumor cells,CTCs）和循环肿瘤DNA（circulating tumor DNA,ct DNA）,作为液体活检最重要的两个检测对象,其历史、生物学特性,检测手段,局限性及其在非小细胞肺癌诊治中的应用。

英文摘要：

With the advances of technology, great progresses have been made in liquid biopsy in recent years. Liquid biopsy is currently playing a more and more important role in early diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Compared with traditional tissue biopsy, liquid biopsy is more popular in clinical practice due to its non-invasiveness, convenience and high repeatability. It has huge potential in the future. This review introduces circulating tumor cells（CTCs） and circulating tumor DNA（ct DNA） as the most important objects in liquid biopsy, mainly focusing on their history, biological characteristics, detection technologies, limitations and applications in non-small cell lung cancer.