中文摘要：

随着生命科学突飞猛进的发展和核苷类药物的不断涌现，对基础的核苷类原料需求越来越大，因此开发适应于工业生产的高效合成方法变得尤为重要．2＇-脱氧-β-D-腺苷、2＇-脱氧-β-D-胞苷和2＇-脱氧-β-D-胸苷是非常重要的天然核苷，DNA的基本组成单元在生物技术及制药领域具有非常广泛的应用，需求量很大，但目前还缺少适合大规模生产的合成方法．尤其是2＇-脱氧-β-D-腺苷的制备难度较大，已有的合成方法一般都存在立体选择性较差，产品分离困难等缺点．

英文摘要：

Three natural deoxynucleosides were synthesized with a high stereoselectivity and good or excellent yield. In the preparation of 2＇-deoxy-β-D-adenosine, glycosidations between 1-chloro-2-deoxy-3,5-di-O-（p-chlorobenzyl）-α-D-erythro-pentofuranose and silylated adenine as well as adenine sodium salt were systematically studied. A simple synthesis route to prepare 2＇-deoxy-β-D-adenosine without chromatography was developed, making 2-deoxy-β-D-adenosine readily accessible in an industrial scale. High efficient synthesis of 2＇-deoxy-β-D-cytidine and 2＇-deoxy-β-D-thymidine were also achieved without chromatography by glycosidations between 1-chloro-2-deoxy-3,5-di-O-（p-chlorobenzyl）-α-D-erythro-pentofuranose and silylated bases via the similar procedure.