中文摘要：

中枢胰岛素的发现成为近年来神经科学前沿的热点。围绕中枢胰岛素,早期研究主要针对其来源、中枢胰岛素受体、中枢及外周糖代谢的调节,摄食行为、神经内分泌等相关领域展开。随着研究的深入,中枢胰岛素及与之相关信号传导通路的广泛中枢效应逐渐展现。目前科研人员认识到,中枢胰岛素在神经细胞的分化、发育、成熟,突触可塑性,记忆和情绪等生理过程中都发挥着重要作用,且在阿尔茨海默病等神经系统退行性疾病的病理过程中也扮演着关键角色。而中枢胰岛素给药在上述疾病的动物实验及人类临床研究中都显示出可喜的疗效,这为疾病的治疗方向提供可贵的思路。就脑内胰岛素的相关研究进展简要综述,旨在为同道了解脑内胰岛素的基本信息提供参考。

英文摘要：

In recent years, the discovery of central insulin has become a hot topic in neuroscience. In the early stage of the study, it was focused on the source, the central insulin receptor, the regulation of central and peripheral glucose metabolism, the feeding behavior, neuroendoerine and other related fields. With the deepening of research, the extensive central effects of central insulin and related signal transduction pathways were gradually revealed. At present, it is recognized that central insulin plays an important role in the differentiation, development, maturation of neural cells, as well as synaptic plasticity, memory and emotion. In the pathological process of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer＇s disease, it is also a key factor . The central insulin delivery in the animal experiments and human clinical studies showed promising results, which provides a valuable way for the treatment of the disease. This article reviews the research progress of insulin in the brain, in order to provide a reference for the knowledge of the basic information of insulin in the brain.