中文摘要：

生长激素（growth hormone，GH）是由脑垂体前叶分泌的一种多肽激素，它作为一种特殊的生物活性蛋白促进机体合成代谢和蛋白质合成。GH传统的作用机制是垂体产生GH开始作用于膜受体，然后刺激肝脏胰岛素生长因子（insulin-like growth factor-1，IGF-1）生成，进而影响机体多个器官发育。近年的研究表明，GH除了内分泌作用途径，还可通过自分泌及旁分泌途径产生生物学效应。GH自分泌可以参与调控雄性和雌性动物生殖功能；GH自分泌对肌肉组织的代谢和生长也有重要影响，另外，GH自分泌与肿瘤的发生有密切的关系，其在一定程度上可以促进部分癌细胞的增殖，分化与迁移。通过对GH自分泌作用机制的研究有望发现自分泌GH在动物体内新的生物学作用，也有助于研究并治疗GH自分泌异常引发的相关疾病。

英文摘要：

Growth hormone （GH） is a kind of polypeptide hormones secreted by anterior pituitary. As a special bioactive protein, GH can help anabolism and protein synthesis of animals. The classical function of GH is endocrine effect, the GH produced by the pituitary acts on the membrane receptor, stimulates the production of insulin-like growth factor-1（IGF-1） from liver, then it can affect the development of many organs. More and more researches in recent years showed that GH exerts its biological effect not only by endocrine effects but also by autocrine and paracrine effects. In this study, we reviewed the autocrine effects of GH on the reproduction and fertility regulation of animals and the muscle development. In addition, autocrine effect of GH has a close relationship with tumor. It can promote migration, proliferation and differentiation of the cancer cells. The study on the autocrine effects of GH can help to study its new biological effect in organisms, also help to study and control some diseases caused by abnormal autocrine effects.