中文摘要：

通过有限元法,计算不同加速度载荷下人体脑部颅压变化,并将计算结果与头部损伤准则（HIC）标准进行对比。使用超弹＋黏弹本构关系模拟脑组织行为,分析颅骨-脑组织系统在冲击载荷下的力学响应,并对比重力、脑脊液压力等对脑组织力学行为模拟的影响。结果发现,考虑重力与否（重力方向与速度和加速度方向垂直）对求解的影响相对较小,考虑重力因素会使每个颅压波动周期内的最小值略有增加。在加速度载荷施加的时间范围内,第一个颅内压力波动周期内的颅压的最大值较大,并在随后的波动周期内逐渐降低。对于人体脑部组织保护而言,考虑脑脊液压力的计算更靠近安全设计。对于不同的加速度载荷,HIC标准在判断人体脑部组织损伤时具有不一致的效果。在汽车（机车）的高速制动（加速）过程中,减速（加速）的初始阶段对人体脑组织的危害性最大。

英文摘要：

The pressure of the brain tissue in the skull of human body was calculated using finite element method. The computational results were compared with HIC. The hyper-elastic combining with visco-elastic constitutive model was used to simulate the mechanical responses of brain tissue. The effects of the gravity and the pressure of nucurolymph on the simulations of brain tissue were studied as well. For protection of the brain tissue, the pressure of nucurelymph should be considered for safety design. The effectiveness of HIC to judge the brain injuries can be different in different cases. The injury can be most severe at the initial moment when the vehicles were accelerated.