中文摘要：

采用具有高活性端基的膨胀型阻燃剂3，9一二氯-2，4，8，10一四氯代-3，9一二磷螺环-3，9一二氧-[5．5]-十一烷（SPDPC）-己二胺共聚物（PSPHD）对海泡石纤维（SEP）进行阻燃化接枝改性，并对改性海泡石纤维（PSPHD-SEP）的结构及热性能进行了SEM、TEM、XPS、FTIR、XRD、TGA和DTG测试。采用熔融共混制备了SEP／LDPE（低密度聚乙烯）和PSPHD-SEP／LDPE复合材料。SEM和TEM显示，接枝前后海泡石纤维表面形貌有明显变化。XPS、FTIR和XRD分析表明，阻燃齐聚物PSPHD通过与SEP表面羟基反应对其进行阻燃接枝改性，这对SEP纤维的结构有一定影响，但并未造成结构的根本破坏。TGA和DTG测试分析表明，阻燃接枝改性改变了海泡石纤维的热分解历程，证明在海泡石表面确实发生了接枝反应。当PSPHD-SEP的质量分数为5％时，PSPHD-SEP／LDPE复合材料的极限氧指数值（LOI）可达23。

英文摘要：

An intumescent flame retardant 3, 9 - dichloro- 2, 4, 8, 10- tetraoxa- 3, 9 - diphosphaspiro- [5. 5] undecane- 3, 9- dioxide （SPDPC）- hexamethylendiamine copolymer （PSPHD） molecules containing active end- group were grafted onto the sepiolite （SEP） surface via condensation between acryl chloride of PSPHD and hydroxyl groups existed on sepiolite surface successfully. The modified sepiolite were characterized by SEM, TEM, XPS, FTIR, XRD, TGA. SEP/LDPE and PSPHD - SEP/LDPE composites were prepared by melt blending. SEM and TEM photographs illustrate that the surface morphology of sepiolite changes rapidly. The results of XPS, FTIR and XRD show a grafting modification effect on the structure of SEP~ but no destruction. The results of TGA and DTG confirm that there really exists a grafting reaction between PSPHD and SEP, the thermal degradation process of SEP change through graftion. The limiting oxygen index （LOI） test results indicate that the flame retardancy of LDPE can he improved with the addition of PSPHD - SEP or SEP, the LOI value of PSPHD - SEP /LDPE composite reaches 23 with 5% mass fraction of PSPHD - SEP.