中文摘要：

5-羟甲基糠醛（HMF）被认为是一种基于生物质资源的新型平台化合物，现阶段主要是通过糖基原料的水解进行制备。实际上，糖基原料热解也会形成HMF，鉴于热解技术具有反应迅速、工艺简单等优点，可望成为HMF的另一种制备方法。本文首先总结了不同糖基原料热解过程中HMF的生成特性，随后总结并分析了不同学者基于实验研究而提出的HMF生成机理，以及近年来通过密度泛函理论（DFT）计算方法所提出的HMF生成路径，最后指出了今后的研究方向以最终确定HMF的形成机理与途径。

英文摘要：

5-Hydroxymethyl furfural （HMF） is known as a platform chemical of biomass materials. Currently, it is mainly produced through hydrolysis of certain saccharides. In fact, the HMF can also be produced from pyrolysis of saccharides. Since the pyrolysis technique has the advantages of fast speed and convenient processing, it might provide another way to produce HMF. This article firstly concludes the formation characteristics of the HMF from pyrolysis of different materials, and then summarizes the HMF formation mechanism based on the experimental studies, as well as the HMF formation pathways via the theoretical density functional theory （DFT） calculation. Finally, the paper points out the further research direction to determine the HMF formation mechanism and pathway.