中文摘要：

摘要：复合阻燃剂中各组分的复合协同作用是提高阻燃效率的有效途径。以介孔二氧化硅（SiO：）为载体，通过纳米浇铸法引入聚磷酸铵（APP），制备了介孔SiO2-APP复合阻燃剂，采用CONE法研究了该复合阻燃剂处理杨木粉的燃烧性能和发烟性能。结果表明：介孔SiO2-APP复合阻燃剂能有效降低杨木粉的热释放速率（HRR）、总热释放量（THR）、烟生成速率（SPR）和总烟释放量（TSP），催化木材形成炭层，表现出显著的阻燃和抑烟特性。高温下聚磷酸铵催化木材转化为炭，SiO2增加炭层的热稳定性，形成Si-O-C键和Si-C键的保护炭层，介孔SiO2对烟气的高效吸附和催化转化作用，可能是介孔SiO2-APP复合阻燃剂高效阻燃抑烟的根本原因。

英文摘要：

To obtain good synergistic effects on the flame retardancy of wood, compound flame retardant is usually used. A synergistic flame retardant was prepared by nanocasting method, in which mesoporous SiO2 acts as carrier, ammonium polyphosphate （APP） as precursors. The suppressing effects of the mesoporous SiO2-APP composite flame retardant on the combustion and smoke of poplar wood powder were studied by CONE calorimeter. The results show that under a heat flux of 50 kW/m2, the heat release rate （HRR）, the total heat release （THR）, the smoke production rate （SPR） and the total smoke production （TSP） were remarkably decreased while the charring drastically increased, indicating that the compound inflame retardant have excellent inflame-retarding and smoke inhibition effects for poplar powder. APP as a catalyst led to the formation of charring layer at high-temperature, SiO2 significantly enhanced the thermal stability of carbon, thus forming a defending charring layer of Si- O-C and Si-C bond, which protected the poplar wood powder from burning. Therefore, the mesoporous SiO2-APP composites have outstanding flame retardant and smoke suppression properties, which is attributed to the mesoporous SiO2 has highly adsorptive capacity and catalytic co＇aversion effect on the release of smoke and gas.